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What a kidney stone feels like
Kidney stones often cause severe pain in your side, back, or lower abdomen. The pain can come in waves and may move towards your groin.
You might also notice blood in your urine, feel sick, or need to pass urine more often. Some people feel restless because it is hard to find a comfortable position.
What to do first
If you think you have a kidney stone, contact your GP surgery or NHS 111 for advice. They can help you decide whether you need urgent treatment.
Drink plenty of water unless a doctor has told you not to. This may help the stone pass, although it will not always stop the pain straight away.
When to get urgent help
Seek immediate medical help if you have severe pain that will not ease, a high temperature, or shivering. These can be signs of an infection, which needs urgent treatment.
You should also get help straight away if you cannot pass urine, are being sick and cannot keep fluids down, or feel faint. In England, call NHS 111 or go to A&E if you are very unwell.
What a doctor may do
A doctor may ask about your symptoms and arrange a urine test. They may also send you for a scan to check the size and position of the stone.
Treatment depends on the stone. Small stones often pass on their own, while larger stones may need medicine, shock wave treatment, or a procedure to remove them.
How to manage pain at home
Paracetamol can help with mild pain, and your GP or pharmacist may advise other pain relief. Always follow the instructions on the packet or the advice you are given.
Rest if you need to, but try to keep drinking water. If you catch the stone when passing urine, keep it if possible, as your doctor may want to test it.
How to lower the risk in future
Some kidney stones are linked to dehydration, so drinking enough fluids is important. Try to keep your urine pale yellow through the day.
Your doctor may also advise changes to your diet, depending on the type of stone. This can include reducing salt, and not taking too much vitamin C or certain supplements unless advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do first if I think I have a kidney stone?
If you think you have a kidney stone, contact a healthcare professional for advice. Drink water if you can keep it down, and seek urgent care if the pain is severe or you have concerning symptoms.
When should I go to the emergency room for possible kidney stones?
Go to the emergency room if you have severe pain, fever, chills, vomiting that prevents drinking fluids, trouble urinating, fainting, or blood in the urine with weakness or worsening symptoms.
Can I treat a kidney stone at home?
Small kidney stones often pass on their own with hydration and pain control, but you should still get medical advice to confirm the diagnosis and rule out complications.
How much water should I drink if I think I have a kidney stone?
Drink enough water to stay well hydrated unless a doctor has told you to restrict fluids. If you are vomiting or cannot keep fluids down, seek medical care.
What pain medicine can help a kidney stone?
Over-the-counter pain relievers may help, but you should follow the package directions and avoid medicines that are unsafe for you. A clinician can recommend the best option based on your health history.
Does blood in the urine mean I have a kidney stone?
Blood in the urine can happen with kidney stones, but it can also have other causes. You should contact a healthcare professional for evaluation.
Can a kidney stone go away on its own?
Many small kidney stones pass on their own over time. Larger stones may not, and some stones need medication or a procedure to remove them.
How do I know if my pain is a kidney stone or something else?
Kidney stone pain is often sudden, severe, and comes in waves, sometimes with nausea or urinary symptoms. Because other conditions can cause similar pain, medical evaluation is important.
What symptoms mean a kidney stone might be infected?
Fever, chills, feeling very ill, or burning with urination can suggest infection. An infected kidney stone can be serious and needs urgent medical attention.
Should I strain my urine if I think I have a kidney stone?
Yes, if a clinician advises it, straining urine can help catch a stone for testing. This can help determine the stone type and guide prevention.
Can I keep eating normally if I think I have a kidney stone?
If you can tolerate food, you may eat normally, but drink fluids as tolerated. If nausea or vomiting is present, focus on medical evaluation and hydration as advised by a clinician.
When should I make a doctor appointment for a kidney stone?
Make an appointment as soon as possible if you suspect a kidney stone, especially if symptoms are new, recurrent, or not improving. Prompt evaluation can prevent complications.
Is it safe to wait and see if the stone passes?
It can be appropriate to watch and wait for a small stone if a clinician says it is safe. You still need follow-up, and you should seek urgent care if symptoms worsen.
What tests might a doctor do for a suspected kidney stone?
A doctor may order urine tests, blood tests, and imaging such as a CT scan or ultrasound. These tests help confirm the stone and check for blockage or infection.
Can dehydration cause kidney stones to hurt more?
Dehydration can make urine more concentrated and may worsen discomfort or stone formation. Staying hydrated is important unless you have been told otherwise.
Should I exercise if I think I have a kidney stone?
Light activity may be okay if you feel able, but do not push yourself through severe pain or dizziness. Rest and medical evaluation are more important if symptoms are significant.
Can kidney stones be prevented from coming back?
Yes, many people can reduce their risk by drinking enough water and following medical advice based on the stone type. A clinician may recommend diet changes or medications.
What should I do if I cannot urinate and think I have a kidney stone?
Inability to urinate can be an emergency, especially with pain or fever. Seek urgent medical care right away.
Are kidney stones dangerous?
They can be, especially if they cause blockage, infection, or severe dehydration. Most stones are treatable, but prompt evaluation is important.
What information should I tell the doctor about my symptoms?
Tell the doctor when the pain started, where it is, how severe it is, whether you have blood in the urine, fever, vomiting, trouble urinating, and any history of kidney stones or medical problems.
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